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Sacred Heart Cathedral (Guangzhou)
The Cathedral of the Sacred Heart of Jesus () also known as Stone House () by locals, is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Guangzhou (''Canton''), South China. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Guangzhou (''Canton'').
The cathedral is located at 56 Yide Road (or Yat Tak Road), Guangzhou. It is on the north bank of the Pearl River and stands at the heart of the busy old town.
== History ==
The site of the cathedral was originally the residence of the Viceroy of Guangdong and Guangxi Provinces () in the Qing dynasty. During the Second Opium War, the residence was completely destroyed and Viceroy Ye Mingchen () was captured by the British. Based on the terms of an imperial edict issued by the Daoguang Emperor in February 1846 which promised compensation for churches destroyed and properties taken from the mission, the Société des Missions Etrangères de Paris obtained the site by signing an agreement with the Qing government on January 25, 1861. In his decree of approval, the Xianfeng Emperor wrote "from now on, war should be stopped and peace be sincerely kept forever".
With financial support from Napoleon III and donations from French Catholics,〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Catholic Encyclopedia: Kwang-tung (Prefecture Apostolic) )〕 bishop Philippe François Zéphirin Guillemin, M.E.P. (), the first vicar apostolic of Guangdong, was in charge of the construction project. A French architect from Nancy, Léon Vautrin, was asked to design the cathedral, in collaboration with Charles Hyacinthe Humbert, also from Nancy, and Antoine Hermitte from Paris who together served as executive architects.〔(L’oeuvre lorraine de Léon Vautrin (1820-1884) ou l’historicisme architectural au service d’une production de série )〕 Bishop Guillemin himself did not witness the completion of the cathedral, as he died at the age of 72 in Paris in 1886, two years before the cathedral was finished. The construction was then supervised by his successor, bishop Augustin Chausse, M.E.P. ().
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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